3 thoughts on “ The Serial Position Effect in Advertising ” Jesse Joshua Poirier October 28, 2017 at 9:02 pm. Advertising is such a great topic to research because it is all about playing on the mind’s known strengths, faults, and weaknesses. The scenario for free recall set out in Laming (2009) is developed to provide models for the serial position curves from 5 selected sets of data, for final free recall, and for multitrial free recall.
![Position Position](/uploads/1/2/5/8/125876375/884541714.jpg)
Abstract
In-immediate free recall, words recalled successively tend to come from nearby serial positions. M. J. Kahana (1996) documented this effect and showed that this tendency, which the authors refer to as the lag recency effect, is well described by a variant of the search of associative memory (SAM) model (J. G. W. Raaijmakers & R. M. Shiffrin, 1980, 1981). In 2 experiments, participants performed immediate, delayed, and continuous distractor free recall under conditions designed to minimize rehearsal. The lag recency effect, previously observed in immediate free recall, was also observed in delayed and continuous distractor free recall. Although two-store memory models, such as SAM, readily account for the end-of-list recency effect in immediate free recall, and its attenuation in delayed free recall, these models fail to account for the long-term recency effect. By means of analytic simulations, the authors show that both the end of list recency effect and the lag recency effect, across all distractor conditions, can be explained by a single-store model in which context, retrieved with each recalled item, serves as a cue for subsequent recalls. The recency effect refers to the decline in memory performance with the passage of time or the presence of interfering events. Although recency effects in recognition memory are long lived and resistant to interference (e.g., Strong, 1912), recency effects in free and probed recall are short lived and are extremely vulnerable to interference (e.g., Postman & Phillips, 1965). In this article we analyze the recency effect in free recall, focusing on the details of retrieval under various distractor conditions. In free recall, the recency effect is almost completely eliminated by 15 s of a distractor task (Glanzer & Cunitz, 1966; Postman & Phillips, 1965). The special status of the recency effect in free recall is highlighted by findings that numerous experimental manipulations and participant variables have different effects on recency and prerecency items. For example, list length (Murdock, 1962), interitem similarity
An experimental study of short-term memory for lists of familiar English words is reported. Lists of 10, 20, and 30 unrelated words were presented at a 1-sec. rate. Retention was measured by free recall after intervals of 0, 15 and 30 sec. A counting task was used to prevent rehearsal during the retention interval. The absolute level of recall increased with length of list whereas the percentages retained showed the reverse trend. The recall scores decreased steadily as a function of retention interval, with the rates of forgetting comparable for the three lengths of list. The decline in the amount recalled was due in large measure to the loss of the terminal items in the list. Consequently, the pronounced recency effect present on the immediate test of recall was progressively reduced as a function of time. By contrast retention of the initial part of the list was relatively stable. These variations in rate of forgetting are attributed to differences among serial positions in susceptibility to proactive inhibition.